Furthermore, as compared to texture-based systems, minutiae-based systems have a higher level of reliability, which has been widely explored in the literature.įigure 1: Different features in a fingerprint image Figure 1 depicts an image of a fingerprint impression, along with the minutiae and singular points marked on it. In addition, core and delta points, also called singular points, are used along with the minutiae to identify a person. Whereas in the latter category, ridge end and ridge bifurcation that is also called minutiae points are used as unique features to identify an individual. In the systems based on texture, the extracted features from a fingerprint image represent the pattern of ridge and valley such as LBP, LDP, and FingerCode. Fingerprint-based biometric systems are mainly categorized as texture-based and minutiae-based systems. These patterns exhibit distinctive features for the identification of a person. The fingerprint impression of an individual is comprised of a continuous pattern of valleys and ridges. It has numerous advantages over the other biometric traits such as being easy to capture and process and being highly distinctive in establishing the individual’s identification due to which fingerprint biometrics has been widely in use. Fingerprint biometrics is one of the extensively used biometric traits in order to provide secure authentication.
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